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对抗冠状病毒相关技术的专利检索（第3辑候选抗病毒药物）

2020-09-15 09:30

来源：澎湃新闻·澎湃号·湃客

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原创丑丑姐姐专利分析可视化

本文介绍了具有抗SARS-CoV-2潜在活性的小型有机分子/肽类抗病毒药物候选物的相关专利的检索策略。由于研究正在迅速发展，因此，本文中所列的药物清单并不详尽。检索的目标文献是公开了这些特定药物的化学结构式以及具有相类似化学结构的相关文献。

1. 3CLpro-1

3CLPro是新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2）产生的主要的蛋白酶，可作为有效的抗病毒药物靶点。2003年SARS以来已经有大量的研究基础。抗HIV药物洛匹那韦Lopinavir与利托那韦Ritonavir等也是作用于类似的蛋白酶靶点，并在临床上得到很好的验证。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND (ctxt = "3_CL_pro_1"OR ctxt = "3CLpro_1" OR cl = "A61K31/4015" OR cl = "A61K38/05")

对上述检索式解释如下：

检索式1 cl = "A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low" #小型有机分子/肽类抗病毒药物

检索式2 ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt= "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov" #COVID-19

检索式3 ctxt = "3_CL_pro_1" OR ctxt = "3CLpro_1" OR cl ="A61K31/4015" OR cl = "A61K38/05" #3CLpro_1

下面的各种药物的检索思路与3CLpro-1一致。

2. Abacavir 阿巴卡韦

Abacavir阿巴卡韦，一种抗艾滋药物，最早由英国的葛兰素韦康公司生产。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid"OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "abacavir*" OR ctxt ="Ziagen*" OR ctxt = "1592_U_89" OR ctxt ="Trizivir*" OR ctxt = "Epzicom*") OR cl ="A61K31/52")

3. Acyclovir 阿昔洛韦

Acyclovir阿昔洛韦，一种合成的嘌呤核苷类似物，主要用于单纯疱疹病毒所致的各种感染，为治疗HSV脑炎的首选药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ac#clovir*" OR ctxt = "Activir*" OR ctxt ="ACV*" OR ctxt = "Acycloguanosin*" OR ctxt ="Zovirax*") OR claims = "Zovirax*" OR cl ="A61K31/522")

4. Arbidol 阿比朵尔

Arbidol阿比朵尔，一种抗病毒药物，由前苏联药物化学研究中心研制开发，主要适应症是A类、B类流感病毒引起的流行性感冒，同时对其他一些呼吸道病毒感染可能也有抗病毒活性。

5. Atazanavir 阿扎那韦

Atazanavir阿扎那韦，是一种蛋白酶抑制剂（PI）类的抗逆转录病毒药物，用于治疗人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的感染。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="atazanavir*" OR ctxt = "Reyataz*" OR ctxt ="BMS_232632" OR ctxt = "Zrivada*" OR ctxt ="Latazanavir*") OR claims = "CGP_73547" OR cl ="A61K31/4418")

6. Baloxavir-marboxil 巴洛沙韦玛波西酯

Baloxavir-marboxil巴洛沙韦玛波西酯，由日本盐野义(Shionogi)制药株式会社首先研制,作用于流感病毒基因组转录所必需的聚合酶酸性蛋白的内切酶,对甲型和乙型流感病毒均有很强的抑制活性。

(cl = "A61K31/low"OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "Baloxavir_marboxi*" OR ctxt = "xofluza*" OR ctxt= "BXM" OR ctxt = "S_033188" OR ctxt ="S_033447") OR cl = "A61K31/5383")

7. Beta-D-N(4)-hydroxycytidine β-d-N 4-羟基胞苷

小分子抗病毒药物β-d-N 4-羟基胞苷，主要作为药学活性物质或药物应用于预防和/或治疗特别是由乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的感染。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="hydroxycytidin*" OR ctxt = "EIDD_1931*") OR cl ="A61K31/7068")

8. Bortezomib 硼替佐米

Bortezomib硼替佐米，是一种蛋白酶体抑制剂，能够特异性抑制哺乳动物细胞内26S蛋白酶体的类胰凝乳蛋白酶（chymotrypsin-like）活性，对细胞一系列信号转导通路产生影响，最终诱导肿瘤细胞死亡。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "bortezomib*" OR ctxt = "Velcad*" OR ctxt ="bortezamid*" OR ctxt = "radiciol*" OR ctxt ="PS_341") OR claims=(NSC_681239) OR claims=(LDP_341) OR cl ="A61K31/69")

9. Camostat mesylate 甲磺酸卡莫司他

Camostat mesylate甲磺酸卡莫司他，是一种口服给药的非肽蛋白分解酶抑制剂，可有效抑制胰蛋白酶、血浆激肽释放酶、纤溶酶、凝血酶、C1r 和C1 酯酶等的活性。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid"OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "camostat*" OR ctxt ="foipan*" OR ctxt = "FOY_305") OR cl ="A61K31/245")

10. Carfilzomib

一种蛋白酶抑制剂。用于复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤治疗，Onyx Pharmaceuticals产品。已于2012年7月获美国FDA批准。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="carfilzomib*" OR ctxt = "Kyprolis*" OR ctxt ="PR_171") OR cl = "A61K38/07")

11. Carmofur 卡莫氟

Carmofur卡莫氟，一种口服抗肿瘤药，属嘧啶类抗代谢药，系氟尿嘧啶潜型衍生物，口服后从肠道迅速吸收，在体内缓缓释出氟尿嘧啶，借氟尿嘧啶的抗代谢作用而发挥抗肿瘤作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "carmofur*"OR ctxt = "hcfu*" OR ctxt = "hexylcarbamoyl_fluorouracil*"OR ctxt = "mifurol*" OR ctxt = "yamaful*") OR cl ="A61K31/513")

12. Chalcone 查耳酮

Chalcone查耳酮，是一类具有1,3-二苯基丙烯酮骨架的化合物，它广泛地分布在甘草、红花、镰形棘豆、啤酒花等植物中，是一类重要的天然产物，也是有机合成的重要中间体。查耳酮类化合物的分子具有较大的柔性，能够与多种受体结合，因此具有广泛的药理活性。作为植物体内黄酮合成的前体，查耳酮本身也具有多种生物活性，如抗肿瘤、抗疟疾、抗真菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗溃疡。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "chal#on*"OR ctxt = "benzalacetophenon*" OR ctxt = "Cinnamophenon*"OR ctxt = "benzylidenecetophenon*" OR ctxt ="beta_benzoylstyren*" OR ctxt = "beta_phenylacrylophenon*") OR (claims = "Phenyl_2_phenylvinyl" OR claims = "Phenyl_styryl") OR cl = "A61K31/122")

13. Chloroquine 氯喹

Chloroquine氯喹，从1944年开始应用于临床；最初用来治疗疟疾，以后用途逐渐扩大。1951年，用于治疗氯喹类风湿关节炎。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Chlor?##in*" OR ctxt = "Aralen" OR ctxt ="Chemochin*" OR ctxt = "Cloro##in*") OR cl ="A61K31/4706")

14. Cinanserin 辛那色林

Cinanserin辛那色林，是一种特性良好的5-羟色胺拮抗剂，能够紧密结合到蛋白酶的活性口袋中，初步临床试验并证明其可能对SARS病毒感染有抑制作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND (ctxt ="cinanserin*" OR cl = "A61K31/167")

15. Cyclodextrin/sterols 环糊精和固醇

研究表明，许多天然来源的物质，例如环糊精和固醇，可以通过干扰脂质依赖性附着到人宿主细胞上，从而降低包括冠状病毒家族在内的许多类型病毒的感染力。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "cyclodextrin*" OR ctxt = "celdex*" OR ctxt ="cycloamylose*") OR cl = "A61K31/724")

16. Cyclosporin A 环孢菌素A

CyclosporinA 是一种免疫抑制剂，数十年来，已被用于预防器官排斥并治疗与T细胞相关的自身免疫性疾病，例如类风湿性关节炎，系统性红斑狼疮或间质性肺疾病。环孢菌素A可以阻止病毒的核衣壳蛋白与人的环孢亲和素A相互结合，已有研究表明联用干扰素和环孢菌素A能显著抑制冠状病毒在人类支气管和肺部复制及造成的组织损伤

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "cyclosporin*" OR ctxt = "abrammun*" OR ctxt ="Arpimun*" OR ctxt = "cicloral*" OR ctxt ="ciclosporin*" OR ctxt = "sandimmun*") OR ((claims ="Neoplanta*" OR claims = "Imusporin*" OR claims = "Neoral*")OR cl = "A61K38/13"))

17. Darunavir 达芦那韦

Darunavir达芦那韦，一种人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV) 蛋白酶抑制剂。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Darunavir*" OR ctxt = "Prezista*" OR ctxt ="TMC_114" OR ctxt = "TMC_41629" OR ctxt ="UIC_94017") OR cl = "A61K31/635")

18. Dasatinib

Dasatinib是一种新型有效的多靶点抑制剂， Dasatinib 可诱导自噬和凋亡并具有抗肿瘤的活性。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="dasatinib*" OR ctxt = "Sprycel*" OR ctxt ="Spryercel*" OR ctxt = "BMS_354825") OR claims ="BMS_35482513" OR cl = "A61K31/506")

19. Deoxyrhapontin 脱氧土大黄苷

Deoxyrhapontin脱氧土大黄苷，中科院药物所和上科大的研究发现含有“二苯乙烯”结构的脱氧土大黄苷可能对病毒有抑制作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "de?oxyrhaponti*" OR ctxt = "MLS_002207168" ORctxt = "CHEMBL_1863546" OR ctxt = "DTXSID_90422030") OR cl= "A61K31/7034")

20. Didanosine 去羟肌苷

Didanosine去羟肌苷，为抗病毒药，临床上主要与其他抗病毒药物联合治疗Ⅰ型HIV感染。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Didanosin*" OR ctxt = "Dideoxyinosin*" OR ctxt ="Dideoxyinosin*" OR ctxt = "DRG_0016" OR ctxt ="Videx*" OR claims = "BMY_40900") OR cl ="A61K31/708")

21. Disulfiram 双硫仑

Disulfiram双硫仑，双硫仑是一种戒酒药物。双硫仑（Disulfiram）在细胞培养检测中能够抑制MERS和SARS的木瓜蛋白酶样蛋白酶，然而目前缺乏临床证据，属于可能有效的成熟药物

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="disulfiram*" OR ctxt = "Antabuse*" OR ctxt ="bis_diethylamino_thioxomethyl_disul#?ide" OR ctxt = "ethyl_thiram"OR ctxt = "tetraethylthiram_disul#?ide") OR cl ="A61K31/145")

22. Ebselen 依布硒

研究表明，Ebselen依布硒对新型冠状肺炎COVID-19病毒的关键药物靶点Main protease (M pro)蛋白酶具有很强的抑制作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "ebselen*"OR ctxt = "PZ_51" OR ctxt = "DR_3305" OR ctxt ="SPI_1005") OR claims = "NSC_639762" OR cl ="A61K31/41")

23. Elvitegravir

Elvitegravir是一种人免疫缺陷病毒整合酶抑制剂。属于Gilead科技公司生产的治疗HIV的重要的4种药物之一，在难治性HIV患者中被证实和Isentress（一种药品名）的疗效和耐受。

(cl = "A61K31/low" OR cl ="A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "elvitegravir*" OR ctxt = "GS_9137" OR ctxt ="JTK_303" OR ctxt = "Vitekta*" OR ctxt = "EVG*")OR cl = "A61K31/47")

24. Enzaplatovir 恩扎托韦

Enzaplatovir恩扎托韦，融合蛋白抑制剂，抗呼吸道合胞病毒。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="enzaplatovir*" OR ctxt = "bta_585") OR cl ="A61K31/4985")

25. Favipiravir 法匹拉韦

Favipiravir法匹拉韦，主要用于治疗成人新型或再次流行的流感。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "favipiravir*" OR ctxt = "avigan*") OR cl ="A61K31/4965")

26. Fosamprenavir 福沙那韦

Fosamprenavir福沙那韦，是抗逆转录病毒蛋白酶抑制剂 Amprenavir 的磷酸酯前药，具有改善的溶解性。具有抗HIV 感染作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "fosamprenavir*" OR ctxt = "FOS_APV" OR ctxt ="Lexiva*" OR ctxt = "GW_433908?" OR ctxt ="Telzir*") OR claims = "VX_175" OR cl ="A61K31/665")

27. Galidesivir

Galidesivir，一种腺苷类似物和直接作用的抗病毒药物，能破坏病毒RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RdRp)活性，最初开发用于治疗丙肝病毒的腺嘌呤类似物。Galidesivir在体外对多种 RNA 病毒病原体具有活性，包括丝状病毒和新兴的感染因子，如MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV和 SARS-CoV-2。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Galidesivir*" OR ctxt = "BCX_4430" OR ctxt ="Immucillin_A" OR ctxt = "Immucilline_A") OR cl ="A61K31/519")

28. Ganciclovir 更昔洛韦

更昔洛韦（丙氧鸟苷），为抗DNA病毒药物，可在病毒胸苷激酶和细胞激酶作用下转化为活化的三磷酸型。它是儿童严重巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染的一线用药。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ganciclovir*" OR ctxt = "Cytovene*" OR ctxt ="Vitrasert*" OR ctxt = "Zirgan*" OR ctxt ="Natclovir*") OR claims = "Cymevene*" OR cl ="A61K31/522")

29. Hydroxychloroquine 羟氯喹

Hydroxychloroquine羟氯喹，是一种抗疟药。属于老药新用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Hydroxy_chloroquin*" OR ctxt = "Oxichlorochin*" OR ctxt ="Plaquenil*" OR ctxt = "WIN_1258" OR ctxt ="Z0188") OR cl = "A61K31/4706")

30. IDX-184

IDX-184是一种抗病毒药物，开发用作RNA聚合酶抑制剂来治疗丙型肝炎。尽管它在早期临床实验中显示出一定效果，但并未通过IIb期试验。然而，该药物的研究仍在继续，并对一些新病毒（如茲卡病毒、MERS和SARS-CoV-2等冠状病毒）显示出一定的药物活性。

(cl = "A61K31/low"OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND (ctxt = "IDX_184" OR cl = "A61K31/708")

31. Imatinib

Imatinib(STI571) 是一种口服生物可用的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，可选择性抑制BCR/ABL，v-Abl，PDGFR，c-kit激酶活性。Imatinib还抑制SARS-CoV 和MERS-CoV。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "imatinib*"OR ctxt = "gleevec*" OR ctxt = "glivec*" OR ctxt ="genfatinib*" OR ctxt = "ST_1571") OR claims = "CGP_57148"OR cl = "A61K31/506")

32. Indinavir 英地那韦

Indinavir英地那韦，一种用于抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的药物。它也被称为Crixivan。它由Merck＆Co.制造。Indinavir于1996年被批准用于HIV感染者的抗逆转录病毒药物（ARV）。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Indinavir*" OR ctxt = "Crixivan*" OR ctxt ="L_735_524" OR ctxt = "MK_639") OR cl ="A61K31/496")

33. Ledipasvir 雷迪帕韦

Ledipasvir雷迪帕韦，是吉利德研发的治疗丙型肝炎的药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="ledipasvir" OR ctxt = "GS_5885" OR ctxt ="WHO_9796") OR cl = "A61K31/4184")

34. Maribavir

Maribavir属于名为苯并咪唑核苷的一类药物，该药是一种口服可生物利用的抗病毒疗法，目前正处于III期临床开发，用于治疗巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染或疾病。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*"OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt ="cov") AND ((ctxt = "maribavir*" OR ctxt ="1263_W_94" OR ctxt = "BW_1263W94" OR ctxt ="GW_257406_X") OR cl = "A61K31/7056")

35. Mefloquinehydrochloride (Lariam) 盐酸甲氟喹

Mefloquinehydrochloride盐酸甲氟喹，用作抗疟疾药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="mefloquin*" OR ctxt = "lariam*" OR ctxt = "mephaquin*"OR ctxt = "RO_21_5998" OR ctxt = "WR_142_490") OR cl ="A61K31/4709")

36. Montelukast 孟鲁司特

Montelukast孟鲁司特，一种口服的白三烯受体拮抗剂，能特异性抑制气道中的半胱氨酰白三烯(CysLT1)受体，从而达到改善气道炎症，有效控制哮喘症状，可能抑制SARS-COV-2。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "montelukast*" OR ctxt = "aerokast*" OR ctxt ="singulair*") OR cl = "A61K31/47")

37. Nelfinavir 奈非那韦

Nelfinavir奈非那韦，一种蛋白酶抑制剂，通过抑制多聚蛋白gag－pol的裂解，从而产生无感染性的病毒，用于获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)与HIV-1感染患者

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Nelfinavir*" OR ctxt = "Viracept*" OR ctxt ="AG_1343") OR cl = "A61K31/472")

38. Niclosamide 氯硝柳胺

Niclosamide氯硝柳胺，用来驱除寄生虫的药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "niclosamid*"OR ctxt = "fenasal*" OR ctxt = "phenasal*" OR ctxt ="niclocid*") OR cl = "A61K31/609")

39. Nitazoxanide 硝唑尼特

Nitazoxanide硝唑尼特，具有抗原虫、抗肠道寄生虫、抗菌、抗病毒等药效，应用领域也较其它药物广泛。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "nitazoxanid*" OR ctxt = "alinia*" OR ctxt ="nizonid*") OR cl = "A61K31/426")

40. Oseltamivir 奥司他韦

Oseltamivir奥司他韦，一种抗病毒药，可以通过阻止病毒与其宿主细胞发生化学切断来减慢流感病毒在人体内细胞之间的传播。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Oseltamivir*" OR ctxt = "G_4104" OR ctxt = "RO_640796" OR ctxt = "Tamiflu*" OR ctxt = "Tamvir*") OR cl ="A61K31/215")

41. Peramivir 帕拉米韦

Peramivir帕拉米韦是一种治疗H7N9的药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Peramivir*" OR ctxt = "BCX_1812" OR ctxt ="Rapiacta*" OR ctxt = "RWJ_270201" OR ctxt ="Rapivab*") OR cl = "A61K31/196")

42. Photofrin

Photofrin，是最早正式上市的光动力治疗药物，应用于恶性肿瘤治疗。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="photofrin*" OR ctxt = "BHPD*" OR ctxt = "HPD*"OR ctxt = "polyhematoporphyrin*" OR ctxt = "porfimer*") OR (claims = "WR_246310" OR claims = "CL_184116" OR claims ="L_184_116") OR cl = "A61K31/409")

43. Polydatin 虎杖苷

Polydatin虎杖苷是植物虎杖的提取物，可用于镇咳、调血脂、降低胆固醇、抗休克。据研究发现，具有抑制新冠病毒的攻效。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona_vir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "polydatin*" OR ctxt = "pi?ceid*" OR ctxt ="resveratrol*") OR cl = "A61K31/7034")

44. Presatovir 普沙托韦

Presatovir普沙托韦，一种抗病毒药，被开发用于治疗呼吸道合胞病毒感染。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid"OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "presatovir*" OR ctxt ="gs_5806") OR cl = "A61K31/519")

45. PX-12

PX-12是一种有效的thioredoxin-1(Trx-1)抑制剂，作用于Trx-1 上 Cys73 的不可逆硫代烷基化。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "px_12" ORctxt = "iv_2") OR cl = "A61K31/4164")

46. Raltegravir 拉替拉韦

Raltegravir拉替拉韦，是一种抗逆转录病毒药物，与其他药物一起用于治疗HIV/AIDS。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "raltegravir*" OR ctxt = "Isentress*" OR ctxt ="MK_0518") OR cl = "A61K31/513")

47. Remdesivir 瑞德西韦

Remdesivir瑞德西韦是吉利德科学公司在研药品。Remdesivir是一种核苷类似物，具有抗病毒活性，对SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV具有抑制作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Remdesivir*" OR ctxt = "GS_5374") OR cl ="A61K31/706")

48. Ribavirin 利巴韦林

Ribavirin利巴韦林，一种抗非逆转录病毒药。

(cl = "A61K31/low"OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "ribavirin*" OR ctxt = "tribavirin*" OR ctxt ="copegus" OR ctxt = "virazol*") OR cl ="A61K31/7056")

49. Ritonavir and Lopinavir 利托那韦和洛匹那韦

Ritonavirand Lopinavir利托那韦和洛匹那韦一个复方制剂，其中的“洛匹那韦”（lopinavir）和“利托那韦”（ritonavir）分别是两个药。洛匹那韦是一种蛋白酶抑制剂，可与HIV蛋白酶催化部位结合，干扰病毒的装配过程，因此作为抗病毒药使用。利托那韦也是一个HIV蛋白酶抑制剂，但是低剂量的利托那韦还可以通过抑制肝脏代谢，从而提高洛匹那韦的血药浓度。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Ritonavir*" OR ctxt = "ABT_538" OR ctxt ="Norvir*" OR ctxt = "Lopinavir*" OR ctxt ="Kaletra*") OR (cl = "A61K31/427" OR cl ="A61K31/513"))

50. Saquinavir 沙奎那韦

Saquinavir沙奎那韦，为蛋白酶抑制剂，临床上主要用于与其他抗逆转录病毒药物联用，治疗Ⅰ型人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Saquinavir*" OR ctxt = "Sequinavir*" OR ctxt ="Inviras*" OR ctxt = "Fortovas*" OR ctxt ="Sch_52852") OR claims = "Ro_31_8959" OR cl ="A61K31/4725")

51. Selamectin 塞拉菌素

Selamectin塞拉菌素，抗寄生虫药。用于治疗犬、猫的蛔虫、钩虫、疥螨、蚤和虱的感染。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="selamectin*" OR ctxt = "revolution*" OR ctxt ="stronghold*" OR ctxt = "uk_124114") OR cl ="A61K31/7048")

52. Shikonin 紫草素

紫草素，系由天然植物宗阜根中所提取的紫红色茶醌类天然色素，主要成分是紫草醌及其衔生物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "shikonin*"OR ctxt = "Alkannin*" OR ctxt = "Shikalkin*" OR ctxt = "NSC_291845"OR ctxt = "Arnebin_4") OR cl = "A61K31/122")

53. Sofosbuvir 索非布韦

Sofosbuvir索非布韦，是吉利德公司开发用于治疗慢性丙肝的新药。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "Sofosbuvir*"OR ctxt = "Hepcinat*" OR ctxt = "soforal*" OR ctxt ="GS?_7977" OR ctxt = "Sovaldi*") OR (claims ="Hepcvir*" OR claims = "PSI_7977" OR claims ="Resof*" OR claims = "Sovihep*") OR cl = "A61K31/7072")

54. TDZ-8

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "TDZ_8" ORctxt = "TDZD_8" OR ctxt = "NP_01139") OR cl = "A61K31/433")

55. Tenofovir 替诺福韦

Tenofovir替诺福韦，一种新型核苷酸类逆转录酶抑制剂。可有效对抗多种病毒，用于治疗病毒感染性疾病。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="Tenofovir*" OR ctxt = "Propovir*" OR ctxt = "GS_1275"OR ctxt = "GS_1278" OR ctxt = "Viread*") OR cl = "A61K31/675")

56. Thiabendazole 噻苯唑

(cl = "A61K31/low" OR cl ="A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt ="corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "thi?benzol" OR ctxt = "Thiabenda*" OR ctxt ="minte#ol*" OR ctxt = "tiabenda*") OR cl ="A61K31/4184")

57. Tideglusib

Tideglusib，是一种不可逆的，非ATP竞争性的GSK-3β抑制剂，阿尔茨海默病临床药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "tideglusib*"OR ctxt = "np_031112" OR ctxt = "nypta*" OR ctxt ="zentylor*" OR ctxt = "np_12") OR cl ="A61K31/433")

58. Tilorone 替洛隆

Tilorone替洛隆，临床上为一种广谱抗病毒药物，对多种动物肿瘤有明显抑制作用。也是一个低分子干扰素诱导剂。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "tilorone*"OR ctxt = "bis_deae_fluorenone*" OR ctxt = "deae_f") OR cl= "A61K31/138")

59. Tipranavir 替拉那韦

Tipranavir替拉那韦，一种非肽HIV蛋白酶抑制剂（NPPI），具有抗病毒作用。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl = "A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt = "coronavir*" OR ctxt ="sars_Cov" OR ctxt = "covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "tipranavir*" OR ctxt = "Aptivus*" OR ctxt ="PNU_140690" OR ctxt = "TPV*" OR ctxt ="U_140690") OR cl = "A61K31/4433")

60. Velpatasvir

Velpatasvir，吉利德的丙肝治疗药物。Velpatasvir和索非布韦（sofosbuvir）组成固定复方组合，是吉利德抗丙肝领域的重要药物。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt ="velpatasvir*" OR ctxt = "GS_5816" OR ctxt ="Epclusa*" OR ctxt = "Sofosvel*" OR ctxt ="Velpanat*") OR cl = "A61K31/4188")

61. Zanamivir 扎那米韦

Zanamivir扎那米韦，用于治疗A型和B型流感。

(cl ="A61K31/low" OR cl = "A61K38/low" OR cl ="A61K45/06/low") AND (ctxt = "corona vir*" OR ctxt ="coronavir*" OR ctxt = "sars_Cov" OR ctxt ="covid" OR ctxt = "cov") AND ((ctxt = "Zanamivir*"OR ctxt = "Gana*" OR ctxt = "GG_167" OR ctxt ="GR_121167X" OR ctxt = "Relenza*") OR cl ="A61K31/7012")